The human body’s most remarkable and resilient parts are undoubtedly bones, an awe-inspiring subject to explore. A fully developed human skeleton is composed of 206 bones and over 200 joints, accounting for around 20% of an adult’s body weight. Bones have various functions, including essential roles like protecting and supporting the body, producing blood cells, and regulating hormones.
One of the most important components of bones is their mineral content.Bones are primarily composed of calcium, which provides their strength and durability. Apart from calcium, bones also contain other minerals such as phosphorus, which helps regulate calcium levels and assist in the formation of bone tissue.
Since birth, our bones undergo constant regeneration throughout our entire lives. In fact,almost 100% of our skeleton is replaced within the first year of our lives,while as adults, our bones are remodeled about 10% each year. This process is known as bone remodeling. It includes breaking down old or damaged bone tissue by cells known as osteoclasts, followed by the formation of new bone tissue by cells called osteoblasts. Bone remodeling maintains the structural integrity of the skeleton, as well as contributing to the body’s mineral balance.
However,bones can be vulnerable to damage. Factors such as age, poor nutrition, and lack of exercise can disrupt the balance of bone remodeling, leading to bone loss and an increased risk of fractures.To ensure that our bones remain strong, we should adopt a balanced diet and consume foods containing vitamin D and calcium, like dairy products and green vegetables. Regular exercise and medical attention when required are also good ways to keep our bones healthy for years to come.
人体最令人惊叹且具有恢复力的部位无疑是骨头，它是一个令人敬畏的主题，值得去探究。一个发育完全的人体骨骼由 206块骨头和超过 200 个关节组成，约占成年人体重的 20%。骨头具有多种功能，包括保护和支撑身体、产生血细胞和调节荷尔蒙等重要角色。
骨头最重要的组成成分之一是其矿物质的含量。骨头主要由钙组成，它赋予骨头强度和耐用性。除了钙之外，骨头还包含其他矿物质，例如磷，它有助于调节钙水平并促进骨组织的形成。
自出生以来，我们的骨头在整个生命中会经历不断的再生。事实上，在我们出生后的第一年，几乎 100% 的骨骼会被替换，而成年人每年约有 10% 的骨头被重塑。这个过程被称为骨重塑。它包括由称为蚀骨细胞的细胞来分解旧的或受损的骨组织，然后由称为成骨细胞的细胞来形成新的骨组织。骨重塑维持骨骼的结构完整性，同时有助于身体的矿物质平衡。
然而，骨头可能很容易受到损害。像是年龄、营养不良和缺乏运动等因素都会打乱骨重塑的平衡，导致骨骼流失和骨折风险的增加。为了确保我们的骨头保持强壮，我们应该采取均衡的饮食并摄取含有维生素 D 和钙的食物，如乳制品和绿色蔬菜。定期运动和必要时就医也是在未来多年保持我们骨头健康的好方法。
1. awe (n.)惊叹；敬畏
awe-inspiring (adj.)令人敬畏的；令人惊叹的
The magnificent view of the Grand Canyon filled me with awe.
大峡谷壮丽的景色让我充满敬畏之情。
2. skeleton (n.)骨骼；框架
The museum displays a variety of dinosaur skeletons that are millions of years old.
这间博物馆展示了各种有数百万年历史的恐龙骨骼。
3. component (n.)组成部分；零件
compose (v.)组成；创作
be composed of 由……组成
A healthy diet is a key component in maintaining overall health.
健康的饮食是维护整体健康的关键要素。
4. mineral (adj.)有矿物质的；（含）矿物的
The soil’s mineral content significantly influences the health and growth of plants.
土壤的矿物质含量对植物的健康与生长有显著影响。
5. formation (n.)形成；结构
The formation of clouds in the sky indicates a change in the weather.
天空中云层的形成预示着天气的变化。
6. undergo (vt.)经历；承受（三态：undergo-underwent-undergone）
Amy had to undergo several months of physical therapy to fully recover after the surgery.
在手术后，艾咪必须接受几个月的物理治疗才能完全康复。
7. integrity (n.)完整；正直
The system automatically checks for data integrity errors and alerts users to take corrective action.
该系统会自动检查数据完整性错误，并提示用户采取修正措施。
8. disrupt (vt.)扰乱；颠覆
The heavy rain disrupted traffic in the city and caused many accidents.
这场大雨使该城市交通受到干扰并引发许多事故。
9. ensure (vt.)确保；保证
We must ensure that our products meet the high standards of quality expected by our customers.
我们必须确保我们的产品符合客户期望的高质量标准。
